(a) Differentiate between Fresnel and Fraunhofer's class of diffracti…

Question

(a) Differentiate between Fresnel and Fraunhofer's class of diffraction. Prove and explain the rectilinear propagation of light by using the concept of Fresnel's half period zones. 12

(b) Calculate the thickness of a doubly refracting crystal required to introduce a path difference of $\frac{\lambda}{2}$ between O and E rays when $\lambda = 6000\ \text{Å}$, $\mu_o = 1.65$ and $\mu_E = 1.48$. 8

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